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QF 5.25 inch gun
The QF 5.25 inch Mark I gun was the heaviest dual-purpose gun used by the Royal Navy. Although it was a less than completely successful design,〔(Page of Navweapons )〕 it saw extensive service during the Second World War. A slightly more powerful Mk II variant was also deployed by the British Army as an anti-aircraft and coast-defence gun.
== Design ==
Unlike the equivalent French design of 138 mm guns used on the ''Mogador''-class destroyers, the QF (quick-firing) 5.25 inch was designed to be a dual-purpose naval gun, for use against both ships and aircraft. Combining the secondaries and heavy anti-aircraft armament would allow a significant savings of weight for the ''King George V'' class of battleships, which were originally intended to meet the Washington Naval Treaty limit of 35,000 tons. The gun fired an shell, considered the largest that a gun crew could handle easily enough to give the rate of fire needed for anti-aircraft use. The ballistic performances were very good, as the maximum range was in excess of 21,000 metres and the AP projectile could penetrate 3 in (76 mm) at around 9,500 metres. This compared well with the closest Italian design, the 135/45 mm, that was inferior almost in anything as power (range 19,600 metres with a 32.7 kg shell, 6 rounds per minute), and most important, it was not originally meant as dual purpose weapon.〔(Navweapons site, italian Mod.1938 )〕
A class of anti-aircraft cruisers, the ''Dido'' class, was also designed using the gun as the main armament. 267 guns were built, making it the most numerous and important gun in the RN's dual purpose gun inventory. Not enough were available when the first ''Dido''s were launched for the full complement of ten guns; priority was given to the battleships. The ''Bellona''-class cruisers, a modification of the design of the ''Dido'' class, used a highly modified RP10Mk2 mount with Remote Power Control and much improved training and elevating speeds. The number of turrets was reduced from five to four, and the light AA numbers were increased.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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